HERA Report R4-166: Low-carbon design guide for steel and hybrid low-rise buildings

Authors	Dr Amir ShahMohammadi; Dr Kaveh Andisheh; & Dr Troy Coyle, in collaboration with Raed El Sarraf; Dr Zara Balador; Alex Black-Roberts; Glenn Ellis; James Grindley; Zoe McCluskey; Harry Riley-Smith; & Craig Stevenson
Edition	R4-166: 2025

This design guide applies HERA’s Low-Carbon Circular Design Framework to steel and steel-hybrid low-rise commercial buildings, outlining strategies for reducing carbon emissions. It includes case studies demonstrating over 50% carbon reductions through adaptable design, material choices, and disassembly planning. The guide also explores operational carbon reduction strategies for greater sustainability.